Carbureter.



G. A. CLEMENT.

CARBUR'ETER. APPLICATION rILED APB.. 12. 1912.

Patented May 13, 1913.

(7L/4.67 'u I INVENTOR,

WITNESS ES Mr/M "narran sierras' Armar einen..

GOBG-E A. CLEMENT, OF BELOIT, WISCONSIN.

CARBURETER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed April 12, 1912. Serial No. 690,300.

Patented May 13, 1913.

To all whom, t may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnoncn A. CLnMnN'it, a citizen ofthe United States, residing at` Beloit, in the county of Rock and State of vWisconsin, have invented a new and useful Carbureter, of which the following is a specification.

This invention has reference to improvef ments in carbureters, and its object is to provide a carbureter wherein there is produced a perfect mixture of hydro-carbon fuel and air after the carbureter has once been set, irrespective of variations in the load on the engine.

In accordance with the present invention the fuel, which is usually gasolene and which will hereinafter be referred to as gas- Standingth`at ,while the drawing shows aV olene without limitation to such particular fuel, is drawn into the carbureter without admixture of air and then air is taken into the carbureter, the gasolene inlet being closed before the air valve reaches the fully open position. The construction is such that air is drawn into the chamber in which the mixture of air and gasolene vapor takes place, in substantially all directions, and the manner of indrawing the air causes a whirling motion of the air which contributes markedly to the formation of a thorough 111-'` ter-mixing of the air and gasolene vapor.

The gasolene may be introduced into the carburetor either by suction orby gravity, but the gasolene supply is, when the parts are at rest, cut olf from communication with the interior of the carbureter. The gasolencinlet is under the control of a`valve in turn controlled by the suction of the engine and the valve structure further controls an air port so that when the airport isopened by the valve the air enters substantially all` about the valve, while the chamber in which the air and gasolene become mixed so shaped that there is produced a whirling motion of the air, thus causing the desirable intimacy of mixture which contributes so markedly to the efficiency of the engine, it

being understood that the carbureter is.de signed for use 1n connection with explosion4 en fines.

"he invention will be `best understood from a considerationof the` following de tailed description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification, with the further underpractical form of the invention which has proven to be ellicient, it is by no means confined td any exact conformity with the showing of the drawing but may be variously changed and modified so long as such changes and modiiications mark no material departure from the salient features of the invention.

ln the drawings :-Figure l is a side elevation of the improved carburcterl Fig. 2 is an end elevation as viewed fromthe right hand end of Fie. l. Fig. 3 is a section on the line 3-3 ot Fig. 2 with some parts in elevation. Fig. lt is a section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 8. Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section similar to F ig. 3 but showing the parts in the position to which they are moved on the suction stroke of the engine.

Referring to the drawings there is shown a casing 1 inclosing a chamber 2 and having inner peripheral walls 3 rounded axially, the casing being usually of greater diameter than length. At one end the Casin is formed with an axially extended nec 4 having at its free end external screw threads 5, whereby the carburetor may be attached to a manifold or directly tothe cylinder of "an engine, or to any part, whereby the carbureted air may be directed to the explosion. chamber of the engine, but since the carbureter is adapted to many types of engines and the manner of the use of carbuieters is well known, it is deemed unnecessary to show` any type of engine.

' That end of the casing 1 remote from the yneck et is formed with an inwardly directed flange 6, the inner edge of which defines an opening` 7 of comparatively large size. TheA flange 6 is inset a short distance with rela-' tion to the outer edge of the same end of the casing, thereby defining an annular flange 8 projecting axially with relation to the Harige 6, wherefore there is formed a seat for an annular gasket 9 and a head 10 secured to the casing 2 by screws l1 or otherwise, the head l0 and Screws 11 confining the gasket tl to its seat. The inner edffe of the gasket 9 isof less diameter thantie inner/edge of 4the flange 6 and formed :in the head 10 is an incomplete annular openlng 12, the continuity of this opening being broken by a radial ortion 13 of the head having formed therein a duct 14, and this radial portion termna'tes outside the head in a threaded socket l5 designed to receivea suitable pipep 0rcon- 3 an. axially projecting threaded nipple' 17. Extending through the nipple 17, through the head 10 and'through the greater portion of the stem 16 is a bore 18 threaded for a short distance at the outer end of the nipple 17. Adapted to the bore 18 is a needle valve stem 19 having a pointed end 2O adapted to a conical seat 21 in that end of the bore 18 adjacent the free end of the stem 16, this coni* cal portion dening a corresponding termi nal part of the bore 18. Leading from the conical portion 21 of the bore is a passage ""22which may be in substantially radial relation to the longitudinal axis of the stem 16 y the air valve away from its seat, the casing and opens through .the outer wall of the latter. The needle valve stem 19 has a threaded portion 23 adapted to the interior thread-A ed portion of the neck 17 and the outer end of the stern 19 carries a milled head 24 whereby the stem may be readily manipuveating device, whereb lated to force the conical end 2O into the seat 21 or to withdraw it therefrom. Applied to the exterior threaded portion of the nipple 17 is'a nut 25 carrying a pointer or index finger 26 terminating infindicat-ing relation 3b to themanipulatinghead 24, which latter is customarily provided with an index marking 27 having any desired relation to the finger 26 to indicate an appropriate position of opening of the valve 20 or any other desired position and the index marking 27 may be taken as indicativevof any suitable indi- *the user may be guided in the manipu ation of the carbu- 1 .reter. A packing gland 28 is provided for the threaded nipple 17 and this gland inclose's packing 29 about stem 19 where entering the nipple to prevent the escape of gasolene, which latter finds access to tliebore 18 through the duct ..14 opening into said bore.

Applied to the stem 16 is a sleeve 30 formed at one end with alaterally expanded head 31 in substantially radial relation t0.

the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, this head being of a diameter to approach the lnner 'edge of the ange 6 in to close relation thereto and to rest near its periphery against the gasket 9. The head 31 constitutes an air valve carried by the sleeve 30, and this valve is held normally into closing engagement 'with vthe gasketv 9 by a spring 32 surrounding the sleeve 30 with one end bearing against theihead or air valve 31, and the other end seated in recess 33 formedin'the head of the casing l carrying the neck 4, this spring being shaped` to permit a partial collapsing of the spring without materially throttling communication between the ehain- 'ber 2 andthe interior ofi the neck 4. The

sleeve 30 is' provided with a perforation or passage 34 serving as a port movable into and out-of coincidence with the .passage 22 4 of the stem 16 by movement of the sleeve 3Q alongsaid stem in the direction of the lon-- gitudinal axis thereof. The passage 34 is of comparatively small size, and the passage 22 is of like area to the passage 34. In order.

that the sleeve 30 may in its longitudinal movement, which is caused 'as hereinafter described, always bring the passages 22 and 34 into coincidence, there is provided a pin 35 carried by the head 10 and projecting into the chamber 2 parallel with the axis of movement ofthe sleeve 30, and this pin extends througha notch 36 in the air valve 31, s0 that the valve 31 and sleeve- 30 are held against rotation, but are stillv free to move longitudinally of the stem 16.

In order to limit at will the movement of l is formed with a boss 37 having a threaded passage therethrough leading to the interior of thechamber 2 yand adapted to this threaded passage is a thumb screw 38 provided with a milled head 39 readily accessible to the operator and-mounted on the screw 38 :is a nut 40 having a manipulating handle 41,

so that when the Iscrew `38 is adjusted to the desired position it may be clamped in such position by the nut 40, which then acts as.

a lock nut.

- Let it be assumed that the neck 4 is connected up to an explosion engine in the usual manner, and that the socket 15 is connected up to a supply of gasolene. The operator now manipulates the valve stem 19 to unseat the valve 20 so gasolene will find its way through the conduit 14 to the bore 18 and ultimately to the passage 22, but beyond this point the gasolene cannot flow because the outer end of the passage 22 is closed by an imperforate portion of the sleevev30, this without su cient resistance to prevent easy vmovement of the sleeve along the stem. Suppose now that the engine is making a suction stroke, thus producing 'a condition of sub-atmospheric pressure within the,

the stem 16 snugly,xand yetl chamber 2. The atmospheric pressure upon 34 is brought into coincidence with the pas-A sage 22 and sub-atmospheric pressure Within the chamber 2 and parts leading therefrom4 to the engine causes a iioW of'gasolene through the passages 22 and 34 into the in;

terior of the ne'ck 4 and to an extent into 125 the chamber 2. Immediately thereafter the continued movement of the valve31 andi..

sleeve 30 by the action of the superior pressure4 of the atmospherey carries the' passage,

34 beyond the passage 22, thus again closing the latter, but causingan opening of the air port 12 to the chamber 2. There is thereby produced a rush ot air into the chamber 2 all about the valve 3l, and thisvalve, which is ot relatively large diameter, in conjunction with the curved interior walls of the chamber 2, causes aaivhirl or eddying of the air entering the chamber 2 which is found in practice to be very effective in vaporizing the gasolene and taking up the vapor so caused, practice having demonstrated that the mixture thereby produced is particularly intimate and lclosely approaches the ideal mixture :tor explosion engines. As soon as the suction stroke ceases the spring 30 returns the valve 3l to its seat, and although the return movement of the sleeve 80 again uncovers the passage 22, gasolene is not then drawn into the carbureter. This action is repeated each time there is a suction stroke of the engine and gasolene is drawn into thc carburetor only in such quantities as are needed, andi is at once vaporized and absorbed by thel inrushing air, so that no tree gasolene ren'iains in the carburetor to too greatly enrich the mixture.

y The opening of the valve 3l is determined by the sere-W 38, and when the adjustment of, the partsliasvbeen once established, it is unnecessary to change them since practice has demonstrated that the engine will run from no load to full load Without any change whatsoever in the adjustment oi the carbureter. V

`What is claimed is 1. A carbureter provided with an'airvalve and a fuel valve connected for simultaneous movement and timed in operation to cause the opening and subsequent closing of the `.t'uel valve prior to the lull active opening ot the air valve.

2. A carburetor provided with an air valve responsive to the production of sub-atmospheric conditions to move to the open position, anda lluol valve connectet'l to and operated by the air valve and timed with rospect to the movement of the air valve to open and close prior to the full effective opening ot' the air valve.

A. carinii-eter provided with an air valve having a range oit' movement in part sulr stantially inactive for the admission of air, and a ,tuel valve movable with 'the air valve to .tuttir open and then close the -tuel supply, the opening and the beginning of the closing of the ,titel valve being timed to occur during the substantially inactive movement ot the air valve.

et. A carl'uireter provided With an air inlet and a Yfuel inlet, the latter being closer to the outlet end of the oarbureter than the air inlet. and a valve structure controlling both the air inlet and the luel inlet and responsive to the action o'tl subatmospheric pressure established Within the carburetor, the valve strurtme having a range of movement from rest at first substantially inactive to open the air inlet and active to open and then close the fuel inlet, and after thc `fuel inlet 1s closed to further open theair inlet.

Av carinii-eter comprising a casing inclosing a chamber with inner walls curved in tht` direction oi the axis of the carburetor casing and provided at one end with an air inlet, a laterally expanded valve for the air inlet having its outer portions in coper ative relation to the curved walls of the chambm' to produce a whirl ot' air entering the chamber, and a luel controlling means within the chamber movable by the air valve and timed in operation to cause an opening and closing ot the it'uel inlet during the initial portion ot the movement oi the air valve and before the latter is fully open and maintaining the 'fuel inlet closed during the remainder oi the movement of the air valve to the fully open position.

A carburetor comprising a suitable casing having a neck at one end and an opening at the other, and inclosing a chamber provided with walls curved in the direction ot the length of the longitudinal axis of the carburetor, a cover member tor the open end ol' the easing having a stem extending' axially through the chamber in the casing and provided with a bore terminating in a valve scat wit t a passage leading from said valve seat and opening into the interior ot the casing, means forfthe introduction oit 'fuel into the bore, a manually operable valve 'tor the valve seat in the stem, a sleeve carried by the stem and provided with a passage movableinto and out of coincidence with the passage leading from the bore of the stem, the head being provided with an air port and the sleeve with a valve adapted to close said air port, a spring surrounding the sleeve and acting on the air valve to hold it in the closed position, and means l'or limiting tho movenient of the air valve toward the open position, the passage in tho sleeve being related to the passage |ea,ding-trr m the bore of the stem to open and thon close said passage in the stem dur` ing the movement: ol. the air valve to the open position.

7. A carburetor provided with a casing having an interior chamber with walls curved in the direction of the longitudinal axis/ot the casing, a cover member for one end of the easing having an air'port therein, said cover member having an axially projecting stem extending into the casing, ,and a neck exterior thereto, said neck and stem being provided with an axial bore terminating in a valve seat near the free end of the stem, the latter having a passage leading from the valve seat to the outer edge of the stem, said head also carrying a duct for fuel crnnmnnioating with the bore, a manually operable valve extending through the bore www. we' l .,ofithe neck andstem, a sleeve adapted to the stem carried bythe head and provided with a passagemovable into and out of coincidence with the passage in the stem, said sleeve terminating at one end in 'a laterally expanded valve adapted to cover the ai'r port in the head, guiding means for the sleeve and valve for preventing turning movement thereof, a spring surrounding the initial movement of the air valve carried by the sleevefrom. the closed toward the open position.

8. In a earbureter,normally closed inlet means for fuel, and normally closed inletmeans for air, the fuel and air inlet means being responsive to subfatmospherie conditions produced within the earbureter, and said means being timed in action to open and close the fuel inlet in order during the opening movement of the air inlet means and before such opening movement is completed.

9. A carbureter provided with an internal -chamber having an air valve at one end and an outlet lat the other end' and with means for the inlet of. fuel between the air lvalve andthe outlet end of the carbureter,

thel chamber within the earbureter being curved in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the earbureter and related to the air valve to cause a whirl or eddying of air entering the chamber through the opening controlled by said valve, the fuel 'inlet being provided with oontrolling means' in turn controlled by the air valve and timed in operation with respect to 4said air valve to admit fuel and out off the supply while the air valve is moving to the open position.

In testimony, that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aiXed my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

enonen a'oLnMEnr. lVitnesses:

' T. D. WOOLSEY, W. H. ARNOLD. 

